Emotions make the world go round Essay Example for Free

Emotions make the world go round Essay Emotions are one of the unique traits of humans. Not all living things created by God were able to have emotions, only men are permitted to feel and express. Although animals have the ability to sense some things, it is not as powerful and as expressive as that of the humans. Human emotion speaks a thousand words†¦ in silent mode. What we have to understand when it comes to emotion is the reality that it comes from different factors which affects the cycle of emotion and feelings. Organism and environment has something to do with this but it is always linked to the question, â€Å"how do you feel? † which basically means that in emotions, feelings are essential (Kuhl, 1986). Do you ever wonder why a new born baby cries after his or her birth? Scientifically speaking, babies cry after birth because they are cold but there is a long story behind this one which we will not elaborate anymore. Looking in another aspect, away from science, babies cry because it signifies their ability to live. It serves as a sign that they are alive and it assures the people inside the delivery room about the baby’s existence. Looking at this situation through science’s perspective, an infant’s emotion is more likely associated with both conditioning and stimulation. Remember that around four (4) minutes before the baby is born, something happens inside his or her body which triggers the crying when the time to get out of the mother’s womb comes (Morley, 2002). On the other hand, when the baby is already born, we all know that the doctor taps the baby which ignites a little sense of feeling or sensitivity on the baby’s side. Therefore, conditioning and stimulation happens before and after the baby is born, thus, it is clear that there is really an effect both inside and outside the baby’s body. Although science can explain almost everything in life including emotions and feelings, in the end, it does not really matter that much when you were used in feeling and not thinking too much. Emotions are reactions in everything which happens to you. Others might associate it with adrenalin rush but thinking outside the box, emotions were proofs regarding your humanity. It is not the basis of weakness but instead, it is the sign that you are alive and doing well. Many people were not able to express their emotions like anger, fear happiness and sadness and decide to go to medical doctors for check ups. Perhaps, this is one proof that emotions are not just a thing in our life but ability. Works Cited Kuhl, J. (1986). Motivation and information processing: A new look at decision making, dynamic change, and action control. In R. M. Sorrentino E. T. Higgins (Eds. ), Handbook of motivation and cognition: Foundations of social behavior (pp. 404-434). Chichester: Wiley. Morly, G. M. (2002). Why Do Babies Cry? The Anatomical and Physiological Changes During the Moments After Birth. http://www. cordclamp. com/Why Do Babies Cr1. htm

Mendelian Genetics of Drosophila | Lab Report

Mendelian Genetics of Drosophila | Lab Report Joshua Park Introduction Drosophila melanogaster, known generally as a fruit fly, is a cost-effective model organism with certain qualities that make it an ideal research tool in various fields of science. Drosophila melanogaster are preferred over vertebrate models as a research tool in genetic studies due to its basic food requirements, its ability to produce large numbers of progeny in a short period of time, and quick life cycle. Depending on diet and stress its life span ranges up to an average maximum of 120 days. They are also easy and inexpensive to culture in a laboratory environment, not to mention they take up very little space. In addition, they have diverse phenotypic traits that are easily observable. Its anatomical features like the compound eye allow easy access for phenotypic characterization. They also have abundant genetic variation in a relatively small genome. Approximately 13,600 protein-coding genes are located in only four chromosomes. Many heredity variations can be studied in these flies.An example of this is the gene that codes for eye color in Drosophila, which can result in red, sepia, white, or brown phenotypes. This unique ability to generate many different phenotypes provides D. melanogaster its practicality as an effective research tool for the study of the relationship between genotype and phenotype. In this experiment, we wanted to understand which phenotypic results would result from a mating cross between D. melanogaster parents with certain wild type and mutant phenotypes for eye color and wing size. The wild type phenotype for eye color is red, while the mutant phenotypes are sepia and white. The wild type phenotype for wing size is long, while the mutant phenotype is apterous, or no wing. We also wanted to know the reason for such phenotypic ratios, which we hypothesized to be the Mendelian Law of Segregation in regards to the study of one trait. To do this, we mated D. melanogaster flies with similar and different phenotypes in order to see how well our results agreed with the Mendelian Law of Segregation. We created two crosses: a monohybrid cross where both male and female flies had the wild type phenotype (Bb and Bb), and a monohybrid cross where the male flies had the mutant phenotype (XwY) and the female flies had the wild type phenotype (X+X+). For our first monohybr id cross, we wanted to know what the expected phenotypic ratio would be when crossing wildtype red-eyed flies, according to Mendels first law. We hypothesized that the expected phenotypic ratio for a cross with red-eyed flies would be 3:1 because according to the Mendelian Law of Segregation, the two alleles are separated from each other during gamete formation. For our other monohybrid cross, we wanted to know what the expected phenotypic ratio would be when crossing wildtype red-eyed flies with mutant white-eyed flies, once again according to Mendels first law. We hypothesized that the expected phenotypic ratio would be 1:1 due to the Mendelian Law of Segregation. Using the chi-square test, we will be prepared to reject or fail to reject our hypothesis according to our mating cross results. Title: Mendelian Genetics of Drosophila Material and Methods Students in groups of two were given a number corresponding to a specific fly stock vial. Two culture vials pre-filled with food and cotton plugs were collected at the front of the classroom. The group number and initials were written on the vials. Next, the assigned stock vials were obtained and were lightly tapped on the lab bench to remove the flies from the cotton plug. An anesthesia wand was dipped into the FlyNap and carefully inserted through the cotton plugs into each stock vial. The stock vials were immediately placed horizontally on the lab bench after, preventing the flies from drowning in the food media. After waiting a few minutes for the flies to fall asleep, the wands were removed from the vials and the flies from each vial were dumped onto separate index cards. The flies were observed under a dissecting scope and found to be either male or female based on the body morphology. A lamp light was used for an easier inspection. Using a brush, 5 male and female flies from e ach cross set were transferred to the culture vials. Once again, the vials were made sure to be placed horizontally on the lab bench. Each culture vial was sealed with a cotton plug, and the leftover flies were returned to the stock vials. The vials were returned to the TA for storage. Once larva could be seen in the fly culture vials, the parent flies were put to sleep and removed from the vials to avoid backcrossing. Once it was evident that many F1 offspring had matured into adults, the flies were put to sleep and dumped onto notecards. The flies from the assigned cross set were observed under a dissecting microscope, and the eye color and wing presence was recorded for each fly. For cross set E, both the sex and phenotype for each fly was recorded. After every F1 generation fly was counted for each cross set, they were dumped into the morgue. Results Cross Set: C Table 1: F1 phenotypes for cross set C Phenotype Total number Eye color Wing size Red Long 39 Sepia Long 9 The F1 data that was collected for cross set C is indicated in Table 1. The number of flies for each phenotype is shown. Figure 1: Graphical representation of F1 data for cross set C Figure 1 presents the data from Table 1 in the form of a bar graph. According to this data, there were more flies with wildtype red eyes (39) compared to flies with sepia eyes (9). There was a total of 48 flies for cross set C. Cross Set: E Table 2: F1 phenotypes and sex for cross set E       Phenotype Number of Male Flies Number of Female Flies Total number Eye color Wing size Red Long 10 9 19 White Long 10 13 23 The F1 data that was collected for cross set E is indicated in Table 2. The number of flies for each phenotype and sex is shown. Figure 2: Graphical representation of F1 data for cross set E Figure 2 presents the data from Table 2 in the form of a bar graph. According to this data, the number of male flies with wildtype red eyes (10) was equal to the number of male flies with white eyes (10). In addition, the number of female flies with wildtype red eyes (9) was very similar to the number of female flies with white eyes (13). There was a total of 42 flies for cross set E. Phenotype Observed Number (O) Expected Number (E) Deviation (O E) (O E) ² (O E) ²/E Red eyes/long wings 39 36 3 9 0.25 Sepia eye/long wings 9 12 -3 9 0.75 Total 48 48 X ² = 1.00 Chi-Square Analysis: Table 3:Chi-square analysis for cross set C Cross Set C:   à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡2 = Degrees of freedom (df) = 1 p-value range = 0.1 Table 4: Chi-square analysis for cross set E Phenotype Observed Number (O) Expected Number (E) Deviation (O E) (O E) ² (O E) ²/E Red eyes/long wings 19 21 -3 9 0.429 White eyes/long wings 23 21 2 4 0.190 Total 42 42 X ² = 0.619 Cross Set E:   à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡2 = Degrees of freedom (df) = 1 p-value range = 0.1 The chi-square analysis was completed for both crosses to compare the observed results with the expected results. The p-value for cross set C was between 0.1 and 0.9. The p-value for cross set E was also between 0.1 and 0.9. As a result, we fail to reject the null hypothesis of the chi-square test for both crosses. Discussion According to the results of this experiment, our research hypothesis was supported in each mating cross. We hypothesized that the expected phenotypic ratio for a cross with red-eyed wildtype flies would be 3:1, because according to the Mendelian Law of Segregation, the two alleles are separated from each other during gamete formation. Cross set C produced about three times as many red-eyed wildtype flies compared to sepia-eyed flies, confirming our hypothesis. For our other monohybrid cross, we wanted to know what the expected phenotypic ratio would be when crossing wildtype red-eyed flies with mutant white-eyed flies. We hypothesized that the expected phenotypic ratio would be 1:1 due to the Mendelian Law of Segregation. Cross set E produced equal amounts of red-eyed flies and white-eyed flies, confirming our hypothesis. The ratios obtained for cross sets C and E accurately reflected the expected results for a monohybrid cross and test cross respectively, as claimed by Mendels law o f segregation. The results of the chi-square analysis show that the observed counts were very close to the expected counts. The p-values for both cross sets C and E were between 0.1 and 0.9. Since these p-values were larger than 0.05, it was concluded that we should fail to reject the null hypothesis. Failing to reject the null hypothesis means that the observed data was not statistically different from the expected data. The mode of inheritance for cross set C was determined to be complete dominance. In complete dominance, the dominant allele completely masks the effect of the recessive allele when both are present. Since both parents were found to be heterozygous for eye color (Bb), the dominant red allele masked the effect of the recessive sepia allele. The F1 data for cross set C demonstrates that wild type red eyes are dominant over sepia eyes, since the ratio of red-eyed flies (BB or Bb) to sepia-eyed flies (bb) was calculated to be 3:1, as expected for a monohybrid cross according to Mendels law of segregation. The mode of inheritance for cross set E was determined to be X-linked. Genetic conditions with an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern usually affect only the males in a family. This is because they are caused by altered or mutant genes found on the X-chromosome. Females are born with two X-chromosomes, so the effects of a working gene on one can mask the effects of a mutant gene on the other, which is similar to complete dominance. They will normally be unaffected carriers of the condition. Males have only one X-chromosome, so if they inherit one with a mutant gene (XwY), they will be affected. The F1 data for cross set E demonstrates that the traits for red eyes and white eyes are located on the sex chromosome, since the ratio of red-eyed flies to white-eyed flies was determined to be 1:1. This indicated that the red-eyed female flies were heterozygous for eye color (X+Xw), since the contribution of a mutant allele from both parent flies would result in offspring with red eyes an d white eyes in equal proportions. These results are comparable to the data from Thomas Hunt Morgans experiment with D. melanogaster. In his experiment, he discovered a mutant gene affecting eye color. This mutant gene was expressed as a white color in the eyes. Morgan proceeded to discover that the gene for eye color was inherited in different ways depending on the sex of the fly. This difference came from the fact that female flies have two X chromosomes, while male flies only have one X chromosome and a Y chromosome. Morgan found that this gene had a similar inheritance pattern to the X chromosome. Thus, Morgan concluded that this gene was X-linked. A limitation of this experiment is the fact that we only counted progeny during one session. Multiple trials of counting offspring may have produced closer values to the expected ratios of Mendels law of segregation. Another limitation would be the difficulty of identifying male flies from female flies in a quick and efficient manner. This research has demonstrated the practicality and versatility of D. melanogaster as a tool for research in the lab. Although these fruit flies may seem like very simple and insignificant organisms, they allow us to do research that may otherwise not have been possible. I plan to conduct further studies with D. melanogaster in the field of pharmacology. Since humans share key physiological processes with this organism, D. melanogaster would serve as an effective model for drug discovery. I aim to generate a new drug compound that would greatly aid in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. I hope that the research conducted with these flies will allow for greater discoveries in various fields of science that will contribute to the advancement of mankind. References Jennings, B. H. (2011). Drosophila a versatile model in biology medicine. Materials Today,  14(5), 190-195. doi:10.1016/s1369-7021(11)70113-4 Morgan, T. H. (1910). Sex Limited Inheritance In Drosophila. Science, 32(812), 120-122.  doi:10.1126/science.32.812.120 Pandey, U. B., Nichols, C. D. (2011). Human Disease Models in Drosophila melanogaster and  the Role of the Fly in Therapeutic Drug Discovery. Pharmacological Reviews, 63(2),  411-436. http://doi.org/10.1124/pr.110.003293 Prà ¼ÃƒÅ¸ing, K., Voigt, A., Schulz, J. B. (2013). Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism for  Alzheimers disease. Molecular Neurodegeneration, 8, 35. http://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1326-8-35     Ã‚   Plagiarism: Types, Causes and Effects Plagiarism: Types, Causes and Effects KENNEDY MULI KAILITI PLAGIARISM Introduction Plagiarism is ideological theft. When a person takes and idea that is not their own and represents it for credit. This is a false representation of oneself by using work or an idea that is not original or stolen from another person. Furthermore different constituencies have different meaning for the history of plagiarism. We might helpfully regard it as a triple entity or triangle. At one point of the triangle is cheating involving written works, the second inadvertent a failure to master conventions and the third are professionals who another work without permission for their own benefit.[1] This is just taking advantage of other peoples creativity without acknowledging them. Plagiarism represents truth without representing the source of the truth so ultimately it becomes its truth from the wrong person. When plagiarism is done without intention, knowledge or as a mistake then its called miss-use of sources. The great controversy on plagiarism is drawing the thin line between the de liberate and mistake and who takes responsibility between the teacher and the student. Plagiarism has been there as long as man existed and there was art and creativity but the realization of the vice and its consequences could have come with the printing press and academic advancement. In the early years of human existence philosophy, music and poetry were the ideologies and their practice as a sign of civilization and social advancement. The mode of education was informal and there was not based on research and writing and though plagiarism was practiced there is no data on who and when it started. In the definition and practice plagiarism was practiced as long as man lived. As people put their ideas and creativity in writing, distribution, business and credit then plagiarism became a parallel business. The publishing and printing companies and the authors had to protect themselves from theft and so the copy right protection laws. The twentieth century has come with innovation, scientific discoveries and research and plagiarism has risen as a competing factor. There is need to protect individual work and publishers from those who plagiarize to avoid the gains achieved so far and chaos and confusion. The world has turned to capitalism and competition for resources and fame. Plagiarism has become more alive in this century and its a moral and legal matter that is challenging every society. The academic world has been transformed to research and analysis and students excel only after writing essays, papers, thesis and publication making plagiarism a great threat. The new form of plagiarism is not for economic and popularity gain but for academic success and it a vice in all learning institutions. There has been so many ideas presented in all academic fields and with technological advancement plagiarism is easy and appealing today than before. There is no limit to the destruction that plagiarism has done economically, politically, socially, emotionally and often leads to enemity, wars and legal disputes. Today in music and art industry plagiarism is a quick fix to fame and riches. Time as a resource today is more precious than ever and people are willing to take shortcuts and achiev e goals within a short time. There is a lot involved in research, organization and tests in order to present work that is credit worthy in all fields of life so there is a trend to take shortcuts. Today there is unwritten policy of publish or perish in universities and so lecturers are likely to redo an old idea thus self -plagiarism. The internet has come of age and information is available all over the web for all disciplines and this is enticing to those who want to plagiarize. There is a demand for innovation, art, music, news and economic benefits are too good attracting the real and fake at the same time. Types of Plagiarism Plagiarism can either be intentional or accidental but the form and modes it takes vary a lot based on the situation. There is concern about academic plagiarism but there is a wide range from the unknown to the known , the written and the spoken and just like theft its trends and forms has no limits. The common one in research are taking some presented idea from a pool of knowledge and presenting it for credit. When one recycles and old concept or idea its self- plagiarism and the copy paste computer technology is a monster that propagates plagiarism. There is a pool of knowledge in all fields and research is ongoing in all parts of the world so plagiarism can arise unknowingly when there is agreement on the same concept and ideology. 14 Seven sons of a Jewish high priest named Sceva were doing this.15 But the evil spirit answered them, Jesus I know, and Paul I recognize, but who are you? 16 And the man in whom was the evil spirit leaped on them, mastered all of them and overpowered them, so that they fled out of that house naked and wounded.[2] This is spiritual plagiarism as people assume the position of Paul and Jesus. Percentage of College Students Admitting to Selected Cheating Behaviors, 1963 and 1993[3] Tests/Examinations 1963 1993 Copied from another student 26% 52% Helped another student cheat 23% 37% Used crib notes 16 % 27% Written Work Copied material without footnoting 49% 54% Plagiarized 30% 26% Falsified a bibliography 38% 29% Turned in work done by another 29% 14% Collaborated on assignments requiring individual work 11% 49% The use of plagiarism has been on the rise just and taking new modes. This research data information show that the percentages have almost doubled in the thirty years. This trend means that in the next century plagiarism will be at level institutions and schools will find overwhelming. There is a great danger for academic and research advancement from plagiarism and there is a wake -up call. The reason for this paper This paper is to demonstrate that I have a clear knowledge of plagiarism and Calvin Theological Seminary rule on plagiarism. I posted this in my paper as a case study and after using the name of the person publishing this information I assumed this is not taking credit or plagiarism. I pledge i will not plagiarize again and action will be taken against me in future as per Calvin Theological Seminary statutes on plagiarism. Max Brewer in his 1907 book Der Deutsche Christus (The German Christ) During the First and Second World Wars, German Protestant leaders used the writings of Luther to support the cause of German nationalism On the 450th anniversary of Luthers birth, which fell only a few months after the Nazi Party began its seizure of power in 1933, celebrations were conducted on a large scale by both the Protestant Churches and the Nazi Party. .At a celebration in Kà ¶nigsberg, Erich Koch, at that time the Gauleiter of East Prussia, made a speech in which he, among other things, compared Adolf Hitler with Martin Luther and claimed that the Nazis fought with Luthers spirit. Such a speech might be dismissed as mere propaganda, but, as Steigmann-Gall points out: Contemporaries regarded Koch as a bona fide Christian who had attained his position [as the elected president of a provincial Church synod] through a genuine commitment to Protestantism and its institutions. Even so, Steigmann-Gall states that the Nazis were not a Christian movement. The prominent Protestant theologian Karl Barth, in1939 stated that the writings of Martin Luther were used by the Nazis to glorify both the State and state absolutism: The German people suffer under his error of the relationship between the law and the bible, between secular and spiritual power, in which Luther divided the temporal State from the inward state, focusing instead on spiritual matters, thus limiting the ability of the individual or the church to question the actions of the State, which was seen as a God-ordained instrument. Effects of plagiarism Plagiarism affects the individual and the society and the effects can be long lasting and devastating. The person involved will lose trustworthy, moral, academic and social standing. This becomes worse when the person is taken to court or loose license of practice and financial loses. Those in the schools are expelled and many years of study and research go to waste. Plagiarism affects just like theft can be too cruel with years of suffering and regret. In the world today there are people that have lost positions of power and authority and careers destroyed. In the society plagiarism can result to financial loses and as companies and jobs are affected, court cases and warring parties, and threatening social standing. Reasons for plagiarism Ignorance and carelessness is the major sources of plagiarism. Ignorance and carelessness are also the major sources of the excuse from students who are caught plagiarizing. Even in cases where there are established writers, politicians, and academics have been caught plagiarizing the most common reason is confusion in my notes.[4] There is always a reason behind every action good or bad and so people have different reasons to justify plagiarism. The world living in the era of quick fix and people have no time to invest in hard work as time becomes the most valuable resource. A majority of the plagiarism is intentional and by people that are well vast in their fields of knowledge but have little time to carry out a research. The financial and positional gain is attractive and is its good luck adventure that usually goes bad and becomes destructive. There is all information in the Web about anything and this makes plagiarism the easy and quick path to take. The economic trends today h ave forced people to do extra work , juggle between multiple careers , become student workers and so there is little time to invest in school and learning hence plagiarism is a solution. Self-plagiarism is one that can be done unaware after years of publishing and at times its miss-understanding and mistakes of not doing a citation. When people do research and writing they do it without fore knowledge of other people involved in the same work so plagiarism out of ignorance may not justify judgement and condemnation. There is a blame and counter by teachers and students but the bottom line is plagiarism is plagiarism. Today learning is intensive and cumbersome and most students had find it hard to match the pace and hence plagiarism. Conclusion Although we are teaching academic writing we cannot discount the cultural context. It invigorates the writing because is connected to the writers identity informing the writers voice -and yes it can be incorporated in to academic writing. Free writing should allow cultural context to serve as the true and comfortable setting in which second language students could get started in the process of writing a personal essay or research paper. [5] When people do research and writing they do it in their character and nature and the work cannot be separate from themselves. All people live and work in communities that influence their thinking and actions and so when writing in their true self their work will be more original. When writing from second language and culture, under strict guidelines and limits and the objective of teaching and learning is defeated by just fulfilling the purpose. There is a reason to demystify plagiarism by teaching students those engaging in research and writing a bout it, and the basic academic law of education is character. There is need for continuous and genuine conversation by all institutions on the standards, punishment, and modes of plagiarism as new method and techniques evolve with technological advancement. Schools and universities need to engage parents and guardians since plagiarism is vice that is academic and moral. The question of self-plagiarism and miss-use of resources, or a typology and its punishment will be there today and as long as there is writing and research. The new trends in plagiarism and its rise is a challenge to all institutions of learning and there is need to teach plagiarism and good academic morals as a mission. Bibliography Blum, Susan D. My Word ! ,New York :Cornell University Press, 2009. Lathrop, Ann, and Kathleen Foss. Student Cheating and Plagiarism in the Internet Era: A Wake-Up Call: A Wake-Up Call. Englewood, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited, 2000. .eBook Collection (EBSCOhost), EBSCOhost (accessed March 9, 2017). Harris, Robert A. The Plagiarism, Handbook Los Angelas: Pyrczack publishing, 2001. Desena, Laura H. Preventing Plagiarism, Urbana: National Council of Teachers of English, 2007 [1] Blum, Susan D. My Word ! New York (Cornell University Press, 2009)12-13 [2] Acts 19: 14-16 (ESV) [3] Lathrop, Ann, and Kathleen Foss. Student Cheating and Plagiarism in the Internet Era: A Wake-Up Call: A Wake-Up Call. Englewood, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited, 2000. .eBook Collection (EBSCOhost), EBSCOhost (accessed March 9, 2017). [4] Harris, Robert A. The Plagiarism Handbook ( Los Angelas: Pyrczack publishing, 2001) ,23 [5] Desena, Laura H. Preventing Plagiarism (Urbana: National Council of Teachers of English, 2007 ),105.

Swisses Application on Healthcare Products Marketing

Swisses Application on Healthcare Products Marketing By Qian Liu Executive Summary The purpose of this report was to analyse the marketing mix principles used by the Swisse to marketing its products and find directions for further development. The report illustrates how Swisse succeed through application of marketing mix elements: well-researched products, people and organisation culture, promotion through leadership and CSR marketing as well as the globalisation exchange. Recommendations are made on focusing on food safety regulations and global market management. Introduction With the advancement of researches on the health of human body as well as the increasing ability to buy, people starts to focus more on life quality and healthy living habits these years. Increasingly people began to pay more attention and money to body maintenance and health products, which brings business opportunities for the health care products market. Swisse is an Australian health and wellness company that manufactures vitamin, supplements and other personal care products that are currently available in about 30 countries including Australia, New Zealand, United King, the United States and Hong Kong, etc. Founded in 1969, the company has been committed to its philosophy: health, happiness (HH) with a belief that the focus on people, passion and principles will naturally bring profit in. It conveys its philosophy to the public by introducing ambassadors who are sports stars or celebrities conducting a healthy life cycle. For about 50 years, Swisse has been investing in independent scientific researches on the development and innovations of scientifically-supported healthy products. It started building up since establishment partnerships with universities, laboratories and other top academic institutions as well as its own scientific advisory panel consisted of a group of academics, scientists and clinicians. The company also focus on corporate social responsibility by using natural ingredients, offsetting carbon emissions, investing in charities and advocating sustainability. The purpose of this report is to identify the success of marketing mix of Swisse by analysing marketing mix principles it applies: product, people, promotion and placement. While Swisse focuses more on four elements of marketing mix strategies analysis, other elements of marketing mix as well as other aspects such as business environment might be overlooked. Marketing Mix Overview of the theory: Marketing Mix Market mix is a foundation conceptual framework in market. It is a set of marketing tools the marketing managers used to develop long-term strategies and short-term practices in order to meet targeted customer needs. Different elements are included in marketing mix in different industries. Through long development history, the marketing mix generally comprises the traditional 4Ps: product, price, promotion and place to the developed 8Ps with people, process, physical evidence and performance in addition. The company in question forms its own 4Ps strategy by focusing on product, people, promotion and place. the 4Ps Product Products are the goods or services a company delivers to satisfy customers needs and are the basis of a companys revenues. A company can control the product quality, design, features, after-sales services and brand name to add value to its products. Besides, in order to keep the competitive advantages, a company may continually introduce new products in response to customer needs and market environment. People Human resources including expertise involved in research and development, product line and marketing. A company should hire qualified personnel that are ethical, professional, high-performing and adaptable to the business culture. There should be working regulations, explicit standards incorporating code of ethics and a reward and punishment systems within a company . A comfortable working environment may increase the productivity of staff. The company should also establish and communicate positive values and culture for higher loyalty. Promotion Promotion is used by companies to convey the features and theories of their products to targeted consumers. General promotional tools may include advertising, public relations, brand name selling, etc. While products needs innovations and upgrades, promotion tools should also be creative and meet the market needs to attract customers and beat competitors. Place After production and promotion, a company needs to determine how customers are accessible to its products. Distribution channels include retailers, wholesalers, e-commerce, dealers, etc. As more and more business are going globalization, place becomes a specific concern due to difference in cultures and what works for a place may fail in another. The Swisse Strategy Introduction to Swisse and its marketing mix Swisse started from a humble Melbourne warehouse in late 1960s by its founder, Kevin Ring. From the very beginning, the mission HH and the principles Celebrate Life Everyday are embedded in the ground and development of Swisse. Swisse products went from only herbal vitamins to a range from multivitamins, supplements, nutrition, personal care products to functional foods and are sold in around 30 countries in the world. Swisse applies marketing mix tactically in its marketing strategies. It invests in researches to provide more innovative, functional and reliable products; it put people the top priority in its philosophy to build a harmony and effective working environment; it implement creative advertising practices by building up roles of ambassadors and emphasizing on corporate social responsibilities; it opens up the distribution channels to retailer and e-commerce and expands the global market. Application of 4 Ps to Swisse Marketing Application of Product Policy Research and Development Swisse ensure the functionality and quality of products by investment in up-to-date scientific academic research. It has its own research teams and clinics to conduct projects and tests on innovation and upgrading of products and also builds up collaboration with top academic institutions and foremost projects. It has formal partnerships with entities like: National Institute of Integrative Medicine(NIIM), Swinburne University and La Trobe University. It also has its own advising panel of esteemed scientific advisors such as Prof. Avni Sali, founder of NIIM, Dr. Karin Ried, research director at NIIM, Assc Prof. Andrew Pipingas, cognitive neuroscientist, etc. The expertise from cooperative organizations and advising panels ensures that Swisse remains at the forefront of the up-to-date research development and opportunities as well as certifies the efficacy of formulations. The investment on research by Swisse not only justify the benefits, but also build up positive brand image of the products. HH values Behind the success of Swisse is the HH values embedded in its products. Health and happiness is the most commonly mentioned concept and the test for every decision within Swisse to convey the living theory with products and build a positive brand image. Application of People Policy Focus on people Swisse put people at the top of its 4Ps priorities. It believes that people is the reason it succeed. It advocates a healthy lifestyle working environment by providing free personal trainers, masseuses and organic meals. It also encourages its staff to involve in communities to together build social leadership. Positive culture A success organizational culture affects the organizations productivity and performance and the opinion the customers have on the company. Swisse promotes a positive and friendly culture as noted by Radek Sali, CEO of Swisse wellness, a typical Swisse employee should force himself to dress up different daily, be creative, keep smiling, say hello to everyone, continuously improve and deliver a positive can do attitude at Swisse. Application of Promotion Policy Ambassadors Swisse introduces healthcare professionals, sports stars, entertainers and social media celebrities as ambassadors who find its products helpful and recommend the products through blogs or other forms of social media. This build up a reliable and fashionable brand image for the products and add to the corporate reputation through the personal influence of these public figures CSR As social image is gaining increasingly speaking power on consumers decisions on choice of products, Swisse expands the health, happiness and wellbeing philosophy to the whole community and actively engages in corporate social responsibilities. It emphasizes on environment protection and contributes to the community by establishment of the Celebrate Life Foundation to help preventing diseases by educations of nutrition and healthy lifestyle. Application of Placement Policy Globalisation Not limited by its #1 position in Australian market, Swisse goes globalisation recent years. Swisse products quickly enter into racks of popular local retailers, for instance, Walgreens in the U.S.. It also actively cooperates with local media and programs like the Ellen Show and participates in advertising campaigns to ensure the fluency of its launches. E-commerce Apart from wholesalers and retailers, the new distribution channel of e-commerce makes the purchasing experience much more convenient for customers and less resource-consuming for the Swisse itself. Recommendations on Future Development Focus on Product Quality Despite the popularity and fashionability of the brand name, consumers are more serious on what they eat. Swisse Vitamins has also been involved in advertising complaints on overstatement and misleading of its functionality and promotions violating Medicines Australias self-regulatory code of conduct. In fact, Swisse spent over $50 million per year on advertising. Though not involved in judicial cases or practically violating any laws, Swisse should focus on improving the products in the long run instead of conducting more advertising campaigns. Global Market Differences While globalization contribute to worldwide demand for products, it brings more concerns to a company. Markets in different cultures have different characteristics. As Swisse plans to enter into more countries in the following years, special expertise is needed to examine different needs of customers, competition of the market, customs of business and make strategies for launches. Conclusion Swisse has effectively applied the four elements of marketing mix in its marketing strategies. The independent product research, focus on people, active and creative promotion as well as the globalisation placement contributes to the significant competitive ege over its competitors. Though the company sees a success in its marketing and profiting, Swisse should focus more on product quality and be more self-regulated for the good of business sustainability. The globalisation practices should also be carefully oversighted due to risks in the global market. Word Count: 1637 References Ross, G.(2012). Re-thinking and re-tooling the social marketing mix: AMJ AMJ AMJ. Australasian Marketing Journal, 20(2012),122-126. Retrieved from http://www.elsevier.com/locate/amj Retrieved from https://www.swisse.com/en-au/our-story. Kotler,P., Marketing Management,(Millennium Edition),Custom Edition for University of Pheonix , Prentice Hall, 2000, p. 9 Dermott, D. (2013). A case study on reinvention and growth: Swisse is not selling vitamins, its selling wellness. Retrieved from http://www.anthillonline.com/a-case-study-on-reinvention-and-growth-swisse-is-not-selling-vitamins-its-selling-wellness/ Arndt,J., 1980. Perspective for a theory in marketing. Journal of Business Research 9(3), 389-402. Peattie. S., Peattie, K., 2003. Ready to fly solo: Reducing social marketings reliance of commercial marketing theory. Marketing Theory 3(3). 365-385 Rosenstock, I.M, 1966, Why people use health services. Milbank Memorial Fund Quartely 44(3). 94-127. Shizumu, K., 2003. Symbiotic Marketing Strategy. Souseisha Book Company, Japan. Chain, D. (2013). Swisse Vitamins makes U.S. debut at Walgreens. Supplier News. Retrieved from http://www.chaindrugreview.com/

Buddhism versus Bartleby the Scrivener Essay -- Buddha Religion Herman

Buddha Bartleby Buddhism is currently the fourth most popular religion in our society today, following Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism. Its major ideologies are based on the philosophies of Siddhartha Guatama, also known as â€Å"Buddha†, who began his teachings in 598 BCE at the age of 35, according to Buddhist texts. A Buddhist’s foremost aspiration is the obtainment of Bodhi, or enlightenment through meditation and Anapana-sati (awareness of the breath). Buddhism shares many ideologies with India’s Hinduism and Yoga such as non-harming, non-violence, and self-awareness. In many instances, people regard Buddhism as a way of life rather than a religion, for it has no clear belief in the idea of a God or Gods. Its structure is built upon a hierarchy much like Christianity where superior orders such as Lamas or the Dalai Lama are said to be chosen by nature through the process of reincarnation rather than by a council like Christianity’s Pope. Though these â€Å"higher level† Buddhists are rare (not everyone is a reincarnation of an ancient Buddhist â€Å"priest†), all are permitted to follow â€Å"The Middle Way† either as a Buddhist monk or the simple attendance of a weekly teaching session from time to time. Throughout the last few hundred years the Buddhist population has blossomed into a healthy 381,611,000 and over fifteen different sects including Zen, Mahayana, and Theravada. For decades scholars and writers have attempted to find the historical analogies and symbolic figures that created Herman Melville’s short story â€Å"Bartleby the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street†. The story describes the setting of a small â€Å"law-copyists or scriveners† office on Wall Street and the unexpected arrival of an unknown character named Bartleby (Melville... ...ningful demise. So this Buddhistic view simply gives us an ideal understanding of Bartleby’s perplexing, meaningless actions and helps us realize that Bartleby might not be as crazy as he seems. He’s just trying to find his way†¦ Works Cited Melville, Herman. â€Å"Bartleby the Scrivener: A Story of Wall-Street.† Melville’s Short Novels: Authoritative Texts, Contexts, Criticism. Ed. Dan McCall. New York: Norton, 2002. 3-35. Franklin, H. Bruce. "Bartleby: The Ascetic's Advent." Melville's Short Novels: Authoritative Texts, Contexts, Criticism. Ed. Dan McCall. New York: Norton, 2002. 176-85. Sten, Christopher W. "Bartleby the Transcendentalist: Melville's Dead Letter to Emerson." Modern Language Quarterly 35 (1974): 30-44. Emerson, Ralph Waldo. â€Å"The Transcendentalist†. EmersonCentral. Nov. 27, 2007. .

Symbolism In The Veil Essay -- Nathaniel Hawthorne

Symbolism In The Veil The veil that the minister wears in "The Ministers Black Veil", by Nathanial Hawthorne represents the emphasis on man's inner reality, and those thoughts and feelings which are not immediately obvious. As Hawthorne explored this inner nature, he found the source of dignity and virtue, and certain elements of darkness. When the minister first walks out of his home wearing the veil, everyone is astonished. This one man in this village decides to be a nonconformist and wear this veil without explanation. No one understands why the minister would wear such a veil for no reason at all. This is where all the assumptions begin to linger. All of the villagers have a story for why the veil is there. These people are not trying to understand it. These villagers are just trying convince themselves that the veil is hiding something, like a deformation of the ministers face. Others think that Mr. Hooper is hiding something else, like a secret no one is supposed to know about. This black veil conflicts with everyone in the village in some way. Is this veil a problem only because everyone is afraid of what they might be hiding? Perhaps this veil is a symbol of the mistrust Mr. Hooper has to those people closest to him or maybe he is trying to show this society that there is a greater lesson to be learned from this black veil than just an apparent one: That mysterious emblem was never once withdrawn. It shook with his measured breath as he gave out the psalm; it through its obscurity between him and the holy page, as he read the scripturesÂ… Did he seek to hide it from the dread Being whom he was addressing? (1281) After seeing the black veil upon the face of Mr. Hooper, every person in the villag... ... tremble at me alone? Â…Tremble also at each other! Have men avoided me, and women shown no pityÂ…only for my black veil? What, but the mystery which it obscurely typifies, has made this piece of crape so awful? When the friend shows his inmost heart to his friendÂ…when man does not vainly shrink form the eye of his Creator, loathsomely treasuring up the secret of his sin; then deem me a monster, for the symbol beneath which I have lived, and die! I look around me, and lo! On every visage a black veil! (1288-89) The black veil is a symbol, something that Hawthorne uses to stand for the blocked wall between all human souls. Hawthorne is simply suggesting that every person wears his own "black veil". On the other hand, if people are willing to acknowledge the darkness in themselves, there will come a time when everyone shall set aside their veils.

Relationship Between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay

Almost every relationship has those critical arguments or confrontations and requires communication as well as collaboration to overcome its challenges. This is the case between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth where two different personalities and characteristics begin to clash against one another and push each other to their limits. As the play progresses, Lady Macbeth’s motives and desires are revealed and as a result, her aspirations get the best of her and starts to influence her husband Macbeth to take the path of potentially being king which ultimately involves elements of death, fraud, and exploitation. Throughout act one of â€Å"Macbeth†, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth share a controlling yet cooperative relationship. Lady Macbeth plays a very significant role in influencing Macbeth to choose the path towards higher royalty. Her own ambitions of being queen alongside her husband motivated her to plot a wicked act to overthrow or maybe even kill the king. Lady Macbeth first realizes the possibility of being queen in act 1, scene 5, lines 14-15 in which she states, â€Å" Glamis thou art, and Cawdor; and shalt be what thou art promised. When she hears of the news, she immediately begins plotting to gain her husbands desire to be king but while doing so, she questions Macbeth as well as his abilities and personality. Lady Macbeth’s first instinct is to act with cruelty rather than loyalty, revealing her dark nature which go to beyond measures to obtain her desires. Also, starting from line 15 of Act 1, Scene 5, Lady Macbeth states, â€Å"Yet do I fear thy nature; it is too full o’th’milk of human kindness to catch the nearest way†; in other words, Macbeth is a good-hearted man. She knows her husband too well to believe that he would be willing to do any wicked act such as murder especially against the king. As a result, she resolves to convince her husband to do whatever is required to seize the crown. She also believes that by putting her femininity aside, she can possibly do any of the darkest and most wicked acts to possibly seize the crown. Lady Macbeth plays the dominant character throughout the opening scenes, in which she asserts her ambition for her and her husband to gain hierarchic status. Her best bet is to try to influence Macbeth is by questioning his anhood. Through parts of act 1, scene 7, Macbeth gives her his reasons why he shouldn’t kill the king: karma, being the king’s host, being loyal as his subject, the king being humble leader, and compliments given to him by the king made him look favorable in the eyes of the people. It is fair to say that Macbeth does have ambition, but at this point in the play, his conscience is str onger than ambition giving him less motivation to kill the king. As a result, Lady Macbeth repeatedly questions his manhood in the hope that he will defend himself by carrying out the murders. It seems to me that Macbeth has a mental struggle with his masculinity, because Lady Macbeth deprives him of it when he is at his lowest moments and then try to win him over by giving him compliments and expletive comments for example in act 1, scene 7, lines 49-59 in which Lady Macbeth states, â€Å"When you durst do it, then you were a man; and to be more than what your were, you would be so much more the men†¦.. Does unmake you. I have given suck, and know how tender ‘tis to love the babe that milks me. I would, while it was smiling in my face, have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums and dashed the brains out, had I so sworn as you have done this. † Basically, she dares him to commit the murder, using words that taunt rather than persuade in which it frightened and shocked Macbeth so much that he, as a result gives in to her orders. At this point we see Lady Macbeth as a persistent and strong women, while we see Macbeth as her indecisive and cowardly husband in which Lady Macbeth’s uses her strong characteristics to undermine Macbeth’s in order for him to cooperate with her ideas. Under her spell, all of Macbeth’s objections seem to evaporate and he is left only with a weak â€Å"If we should fail? † which is in line 58 of act 1, scene 7. Macbeth is not a good man at this point in the play, but he is not yet an evil one; he is tempted, and he tries to resist temptation. Macbeth’s resistance, however, is not effective enough to stand up to his wife’s ability to manipulate him. We finally get a sense that Macbeth is willing to do what his wife asks of him. She acts as a catalyst for Macbeth to commit treason by disregarding his rational, moral arguments and challenging his manhood.. As a result, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth cooperate and plot to get the servants drunk, and during that time Macbeth and Lady Macbeth would kill King Duncan and frame the drunken guards. In line 79-80 of act 1 scene 7, Macbeth states, â€Å"I am settled, and bend up each corporal agent to this terrible feat. † Since Macbeth succumbs to Lady Macbeth’s wishes, Shakespeare re-confirms just how close the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth is and that she has the power and he listens to whatever she has to say whether if it’s for his own good or not. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth share a very complex relationship between each other. Lady Macbeth is a complicated woman in the beginning of the play; she was strong and courageous, yet deceitful and problematic. Lady Macbeth endangered Macbeth’s life because had it not been for her influence and motivation, Macbeth would not have been so thirsty for the crown as well the overthrowing of those who currently held it. Lady Macbeth is Macbeth’s soulmate as well as other half, and in doing so she controlled him and his brain, convincing him to do the most wicked acts. If it wasn’t for her, who knows what fate would have brought to Macbeth and his legacy.

Quality Management and Customer Satisfaction

Wal-Mart’s Strategic Quality Management and Customer Satisfaction One organization that has become successful in many aspects of satisfaction and quality is Wal-Mart. This organization started out providing basic products to customers during certain hours of the day and evening, and then expanded the become Wal-Mart Supercenters by also providing groceries and becoming a 24-hour establishment. By making these changes in their organization, Wal-Mart has provided superior satisfaction to both its internal and external customers. To better understand Wal-Mart’s level of quality and customer satisfaction, Learning Team C has conducted a SWOT analysis of the organization, developed a vision and mission statement, and created strategic plans and objectives for the organization. SWOT Analysis Strengths Wal-Mart has a great deal of strengths which is apparent due to their incredible success throughout the years. Wal-Mart has mastered the process of production, movement of goods, warehousing of goods, ensuring goods arrives on time at the right place, and for a cheap price. Wal-Mart’s foundation was built upon understanding, identifying, and knowing exactly what customers want from their retailer and having this information has contributed to their tremendous success. Wal-Mart is a powerful retail brand which has the reputation for providing a wide range of products all in one store, value for money, and convenience. Weakness Wal-Mart has a weakness that shapes not only their image, but the livelihood of people in many communities. In many places when a new Wal-Mart comes to their community most small retailers are forced out of business due to the retail giant. There are many moral customers, who are concerned with the interests of the smaller retailers. This concern quickly turns to anger when they see Wal-Mart’s monopolizing capability that has gained strength in the past few decades. Because of these issues there are many people who refuse to shop at a Wal-Mart; they become anti-Wal-Mart shoppers. Unfortunately, this weakness according to some has taken a toll on Wal-Mart’s stock prices as well. Also, in the past several years Wal-Mart has had to fight several high law suits which have also affected their image in the general public’s eye. Opportunities It would be ideal for Wal-Mart to take advantages of the opportunities to improve in the behaviors that they have been heavily criticized in by the public. Wal-Mart has the opportunity to use its resources to help our world improve its environment. The environmental programs that Wal-Mart supports have the potential to receive tremendous results because it has such a large image. In their overseas locations Wal-Mart has been worried with child labor laws, so they have been paying very close attention to its supplier’s labor practices by enforcing stricter policies. Being the largest employer in the United States, Wal-Mart is taking advantage of the opportunity by providing its employees with a new health care plan that will increase their benefits. If Wal-Mart makes a continued effort to resolve these concerns they will ultimately increase their market share and improve their public image. Threats Dollar General discount stores are growing rapidly in the United States. Unfortunately for Wal-Mart, these stores have the ability to open in smaller communities where there would not be enough business to support Wal-Mart’s sales quota. Dollar Generals deep discount threatens and competes greatly with Wal-Mart’s claims of having the lowest price. Wal-Mart has to continue to work hard to compete in times of ambiguity. Many of Wal-Mart’s customers are slightly affected by the economy therefore it has an advantage being it offers low prices in times of recession that appeal to its customers. However, the attempts made by the government to stimulate the economy are not directly felt by Wal-Mart’s customers. This increasingly threats Wal-Mart’s sales and vitality. Vision and Mission Statement Wal-Mart bases it operations on integrity and customer satisfaction. In order to uphold these two main objectives Wal-Mart has developed a vision and mission statement along with guiding principles that incorporate quality principles. Wal-Mart’s mission statement is to maintain the highest quality in products and customer service, while treating its employees like family. In order to incorporate values and principles within the organization, Wal-Mart strives to always maintain a high level of loyalty to both its customers and its employees. To stay loyal to both customers and employees, Wal-Mart uses core values such as integrity, loyalty, top service, equality, and honesty. Wal-Mart’s vision is to uphold these values and principles to keep a large flow of customers into their stores throughout the country. Wal-Mart believes that in order to keep satisfied customers and employees, the organization has to present high quality products and low prices, and show both customer and employee appreciation at all times. To ensure this vision stays intact, Wal-Mart has open suggestions boards open to stay informed on what its customers and employees would like to see within their stores. Wal-Mart believes that the public and their employee family have a right to have the best products and services to help them live their daily lives. Strategic Plan and Strategic Objectives With Wal-Mart being one of the leading retail industries around, it’s very important for their customer service to be top notch, to keep the customers coming back and keep them satisfied. A goal for Wal-Mart is to expand very rapidly and to expand everywhere outside the United States. That’s why Wal-Mart has been able to stay at the forefront during these economic times. Wal-Mart has become a monopoly due to the products they sell and the wide array of choice they offer for the customer. Not only do they sell furniture, clothes, electronics, etc. , they are also now expanding to a grocery store, they also house other businesses. Every Wal-Mart is different, some house salons, eyeglass stores, other eateries. Wal-Mart strives to continually have quality goods but sell them at lower prices than any other stores; they do this by buying products in bulk that way it’s possible to sell to the consumer at the lower prices. Wal-Mart continually strives to advance farther than its competitors by keeping up with the latest technology, but keeping them at prices the public can afford and is willing to pay. The only thing Wal-Mart needs to keep up on is keeping customer service at the top of its list of things to improve upon. Besides the low prices, and the selection of goods, quality customer service is one of the factors that will keep the consumers coming back. Wal-Mart uses different innovated tools in order to keep their customer satisfaction high. One of their main tools is keeping their prices low. This is accomplished by using a system that is set in place by Cisco. This system is based on questions, as stated by David Flanagin (n. d. ): â€Å"Will it help us lower prices,† executives ask. â€Å"How will it improve the customer's experience? So the selection of a communications infrastructure from Cisco was part of a Wal-Mart plan to make things better for customers. â€Å"At Wal-Mart, we don't implement technology for its own sake,† â€Å"It has to have a payback that helps the customer. † A friendly employee is another tool Wal-Mart uses to keep their customers satisfied. This is accomplished through keeping their employees satisfied. Having available stock and other resour ces on hand allows their employees to have what they require at their disposal and this makes both the employees happy and also their customers. Wal-Mart uses tools such as having every product available from clothing, electronics, pharmacy, and groceries. They are open 24 hours a day which is a great tool for everyone. Wal-Mart can measure their success in maintaining customer satisfaction through the on-line network that Cisco provides for them. They are now the largest retailer with more than 2400 stores and 100 distribution centers. Inventory management is a very successful tool used that help keep prices low. With global markets and retailers the internet has been an important part of keeping customers and allowing for replenishment of products on a consistent and at a low cost. References Flanagin, David. N.D. Cisco – Retail Customer Success Stories, The Wal-Mart Story Using Internet Technology to Support Everyday Low Prices and Increased Customer Satisfaction. Retrieved from www.cisco.com. Retrieved on December 5, 2010. Cramer, J. J.  (2005).  Wakeup Walmart.com.  United Food and Commercial Workers International Union.  Retrieved from http://www.wakeupwalmart.com/news/20050817-rmcom.html. Marketing Teacher Ltd..  (2010).  Marketing Teacher.com.  Retrieved from http://www.marketingteacher.com/swot/walmart-swot.html.